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POST UTME BSU 2023 Biology | Objective

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Question 1

The process of osmoregulation in animals involves the regulation of water and salt balance in the body. Which of the following is a key mechanism involved in osmoregulation?

Correct A. Active transport of ions across cell membranes

B. Passive diffusion of water across cell membranes

C. Excretion of excess salt through the kidneys

D. Ingestion of salt-rich foods

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A diagram of the human nervous system is shown below. Which of the following nerves is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the skin to the brain?

A. A

Correct B. B

C. C

D. D

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

The diagram below shows a titration setup. What is the purpose of the burette in this setup?

Correct A. To measure the volume of the solution

B. To mix the solution with the analyte

C. To add the analyte to the solution

D. To measure the pH of the solution

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

The process of genetic drift can lead to the loss of genetic variation in a population. Which of the following is a factor that can contribute to genetic drift?

A. Mutation

B. Genetic recombination

C. Genetic drift

Correct D. Gene flow

Correct Answer: D

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Question 5

The diagram below shows a graph of the growth of a population over time. What is the term for the rate of change of the population size with respect to time?

A. Intrinsic rate of increase

B. Extrinsic rate of increase

Correct C. Growth rate

D. Death rate

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6

In the context of reproduction, what is the primary function of the vas deferens in males?

A. To store sperm

Correct B. To transport sperm

C. To produce sperm

D. To regulate sperm production

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light?

A. Cornea

B. Iris

Correct C. Retina

D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8

In the classification of living things, what is the primary characteristic that distinguishes between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A. Cell wall

B. Chloroplasts

Correct C. Presence of a true nucleus

D. Flagella

Correct Answer: C

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Question 9

A diagram of the human kidney is shown below. Which part of the kidney is responsible for filtering waste products from the blood?

Correct A. Nephron

B. Renal pelvis

C. Ureter

D. Kidney cortex

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

In the context of excretion and osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the hypothalamus in regulating body temperature?

Correct A. To regulate body temperature

B. To regulate blood pressure

C. To regulate thirst and hunger

D. To regulate electrolyte balance

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

In a population of 1000 individuals, 70% are heterozygous for the ABO blood group, 20% are homozygous dominant, and 10% are homozygous recessive. What is the expected frequency of the recessive allele in this population?

Correct A. 0.05

B. 0.10

C. 0.15

D. 0.20

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

A plant with the genotype AaBb is crossed with a plant with the genotype AaBb. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype AaBb?

A. 0.25

Correct B. 0.50

C. 0.75

D. 0.90

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

A 10% solution of glu\cose is diluted to 5% by adding water. What is the ratio of the initial volume to the final volume?

A. 1:2

Correct B. 1:3

C. 2:3

D. 3:4

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14

A 5% solution of salt is mixed with a 10% solution of salt. What is the resulting concentration of salt in the mixture?

A. 6.25%

Correct B. 7.50%

C. 8.75%

D. 10.00%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15

A population of 1000 individuals has a mean height of 170 cm and a s\tandard deviation of 10 cm. What is the probability that a randomly selected individual will have a height greater than 180 cm?

A. 0.10

B. 0.20

Correct C. 0.30

D. 0.40

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16

In the context of hormonal coordination, what is the primary function of the hypothalamus in regulating body temperature?

A. To maintain a cons\tant body temperature through sweating and shivering

Correct B. To regulate body temperature by controlling the release of hormones

C. To maintain a cons\tant body temperature through behavioral adaptations

D. To regulate body temperature by controlling the release of hormones and behavioral adaptations

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

What is the primary function of the olfactory epithelium in the sense organ of smell?

Correct A. To detect chemical signals in the air

B. To detect mechanical signals in the air

C. To detect electrical signals in the air

D. To detect thermal signals in the air

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

What is the primary mechanism of gas exchange in the lungs?

Correct A. Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the alveolar-capillary membrane

B. Osmosis of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the alveolar-capillary membrane

C. Active transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the alveolar-capillary membrane

D. Passive transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the alveolar-capillary membrane

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

What is the primary function of the pituitary gland in regulating growth and development?

Correct A. To produce growth hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone

B. To produce adrenocorticotropic hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone

C. To produce prolactin and growth hormone

D. To produce thyroid-stimulating hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

What is the primary mechanism of asexual reproduction in plants?

A. Fragmentation of plants into smaller parts

Correct B. Budding of plants through the formation of new buds

C. Spore formation in plants

D. Vegetative propagation of plants through cuttings

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

A. 0.2

B. 0.4

C. 0.6

Correct D. 0.8

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22

A cell in the G2 phase of the cell cycle has a DNA content of 8C. What is the stage of the cell cycle that this cell will enter next?

A. G1

B. S

C. G2

D. M

Correct Answer: M

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Question 23

A species of bird has a beak shape that is adapted for cracking open nuts. If the bird's beak shape is determined by a \single gene with two alleles, one of which is dominant and the other recessive, what is the probability that two birds with the genotype 'Bb' will produce an offspring with the beak shape of the dominant allele?

A. 0.25

B. 0.5

Correct C. 0.75

D. 1

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24

A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population size is 100 and the growth rate is 20% per hour, what is the population size after 3 hours?

A. 1000

B. 1200

Correct C. 1500

D. 2000

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25

A plant has a genetic disorder that causes it to produce flowers that are white instead of the normal color. If the plant has the genotype 'WW' and the gene is dominant, what is the probability that the plant will produce offspring with the genotype 'ww'?

Correct A. 0

B. 0.25

C. 0.5

D. 1

Correct Answer: A

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