Practice Post UTME BSU government 2020 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of 'Constitutionalism' in the context of Public Administration and Local Government refers to the idea that power should be distributed among various branches of government to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful. Which of the following best describes the primary advantage of this system?

A. Protection of individual rights and freedoms

B. Promotion of efficiency and effectiveness in governance

Correct C. Prevention of corruption and abuse of power

D. Enhancement of national security and stability

Correct Answer: C

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Question 2

A government's foreign policy is often influenced by its domestic political climate. Which of the following is an example of a domestic factor that can impact a government's foreign policy?

A. Economic conditions

Correct B. Public opinion

C. International relations

D. Geography

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

In the context of Electoral Systems and Processes, what is the primary purpose of a runoff election?

A. To determine the winner of a close election

B. To allow voters to change their minds after the initial election

Correct C. To ensure that the winner has a majority of the votes

D. To prevent a candidate from winning with a minority of the votes

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4

The concept of 'Pre-colonial Administration' refers to the systems of governance that existed in Africa before the arrival of European colonizers. Which of the following is an example of a pre-colonial administrative system?

Correct A. The Ashanti Empire

B. The Zulu Kingdom

C. The Ottoman Empire

D. The Roman Empire

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

The concept of 'Constitutionalism' in the context of Public Administration and Local Government refers to the idea that power should be distributed among various branches of government to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful. Which of the following best describes the primary disadvantage of this system?

Correct A. Inefficient decision-making

B. Ineffective use of resources

C. Lack of accountability

D. Inability to respond to emergencies

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

The concept of legitimacy in public administration refers to the acceptance of authority by the governed, which is often based on the idea of popular sovereignty. However, this concept can be challenged by the presence of pressure groups, which may seek to influence policy decisions through various means. Which of the following is a characteristic of pressure groups in a democratic system?

A. They often use violent means to achieve their goals

Correct B. They may use lobbying and other forms of persuasion to influence policy decisions

C. They are typically composed of government officials and bureaucrats

D. They are often seen as a threat to the stability of the political system

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

In a federal system of government, power is divided between the central government and the constituent units. Which of the following is a characteristic of federalism?

A. The central government has complete control over all policy decisions

Correct B. The constituent units have a significant degree of autonomy in making policy decisions

C. The federal government has the power to unilaterally amend the constitution

D. The constituent units are not allowed to have their own armed forces

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

The rule of law is a fundamental principle of democratic governance, which requires that the government and its agents act in accordance with the law. Which of the following is a characteristic of the rule of law?

A. The government has the power to unilaterally amend the constitution

Correct B. The government and its agents are subject to the law and must act in accordance with it

C. The government has the power to suspend the constitution in times of emergency

D. The government has the power to unilaterally appoint judges to the supreme court

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

The electoral system is a critical component of democratic governance, which determines how citizens choose their representatives. Which of the following is a characteristic of a proportional representation electoral system?

A. The winner of the most votes in a constituency wins the seat

Correct B. The seats are allocated to parties in proportion to the number of votes they receive

C. The electoral system is used in presidential elections

D. The electoral system is used in parliamentary elections

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10

The concept of human rights is a fundamental principle of democratic governance, which requires that the government and its agents respect the dignity and worth of every individual. Which of the following is a characteristic of human rights?

A. Human rights are only applicable to citizens of a country

Correct B. Human rights are inalienable and universal

C. Human rights can be suspended in times of emergency

D. Human rights are only applicable to individuals who are members of a particular group

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11

The concept of separation of powers is rooted in the idea of checks and balances. Which of the following is a key mechanism for ensuring that no single branch of government becomes too powerful?

Correct A. Judicial review

B. Legislative override

C. Executive veto

D. Constitutional amendment

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

In the context of pre-colonial administration, what was the primary function of the Igbo title of 'Eze'?

A. To serve as a mediator between the Igbo people and the British colonial authorities

B. To act as a military leader and defender of the Igbo people

C. To serve as a spiritual leader and priest of the Igbo people

Correct D. To serve as a chief administrator and governor of the Igbo people

Correct Answer: D

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Question 13

The concept of legitimacy in international relations refers to the idea that a government or regime has the right to rule and be recognized by other states. Which of the following is a key factor in determining the legitimacy of a government?

A. The level of support it receives from the international community

B. The level of economic development it has achieved

Correct C. The level of human rights it protects and promotes

D. The level of military power it possesses

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14

The concept of rule of law refers to the idea that all individuals and institutions are subject to the law and that the law is applied equally and impartially. Which of the following is a key characteristic of a rule of law system?

Correct A. The presence of a strong and independent judiciary

B. The absence of a written constitution

C. The presence of a powerful executive

D. The absence of a system of checks and balances

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The concept of human rights refers to the idea that all individuals have inherent dignity and worth and are entitled to certain fundamental rights and freedoms. Which of the following is a key principle of human rights?

Correct A. The principle of non-discrimination

B. The principle of equality before the law

C. The principle of freedom of speech

D. The principle of the right to life

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

In a presidential system of government, the president serves as both the head of state and the head of government. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the president and the legislature?

A. The president has the power to appoint and remove members of the legislature.

Correct B. The president has the power to veto legislation passed by the legislature.

C. The president has the power to dissolve the legislature and call for new elections.

D. The president has the power to appoint the head of the legislature.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

A government has a unicameral legislature with 100 members. Each member represents a constituency of 50,000 people. If the government wants to increase the number of members in the legislature by 20%, what is the new number of members?

A. 120

B. 122

Correct C. 124

D. 126

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

In a federal system of government, power is divided between the central government and the regional governments. Which of the following is an example of a power that is typically reserved for the central government?

A. Collecting taxes

B. Regulating trade

Correct C. Providing national defense

D. Providing education

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19

A government has a constitution that guarantees freedom of speech. However, the government has a law that prohibits the publication of any information that is deemed to be a threat to national security. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the constitution and the law?

Correct A. The law is inconsistent with the constitution.

B. The law is consistent with the constitution.

C. The law is a part of the constitution.

D. The law is a separate document from the constitution.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

A government has a system of checks and balances that ensures that no one branch of government has too much power. Which of the following is an example of a check on the power of the executive branch?

Correct A. The power to impeach the president.

B. The power to veto legislation passed by the legislature.

C. The power to appoint judges.

D. The power to declare war.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss how the legitimacy of a government can be affected by the level of authority it exercises over its citizens.

A. Legitimacy is directly proportional to the level of authority.

B. Legitimacy is inversely proportional to the level of authority.

C. Legitimacy is independent of the level of authority.

Correct D. Legitimacy is a function of the level of authority and the consent of citizens.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22

In a federal system of government, power is divided between the central government and the constituent units. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this system?

A. Advantages: promotes unity and stability; Disadvantages: can lead to inefficiency and conflict.

Correct B. Advantages: promotes decentralization and participation; Disadvantages: can lead to fragmentation and disorder.

C. Advantages: promotes efficiency and effectiveness; Disadvantages: can lead to centralization and authoritarianism.

D. Advantages: promotes accountability and transparency; Disadvantages: can lead to bureaucratic red tape and inefficiency.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

The concept of power in political science refers to the ability of individuals or groups to influence the behavior of others. Discuss how power can be exercised in different ways, including through coercion, persuasion, and manipulation.

A. Power can only be exercised through coercion.

B. Power can only be exercised through persuasion.

Correct C. Power can be exercised through coercion, persuasion, and manipulation.

D. Power can only be exercised through manipulation.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24

The concept of authority in political science refers to the legitimate right to make decisions and enforce laws. Discuss how authority can be established and maintained in different societies.

A. Authority can only be established through coercion.

B. Authority can only be established through persuasion.

Correct C. Authority can be established through coercion, persuasion, and tradition.

D. Authority can only be established through tradition.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25

The concept of legitimacy in political science refers to the acceptance of a political system or institution by its citizens. Discuss how legitimacy can be affected by factors such as the level of participation, the level of representation, and the level of accountability.

A. Legitimacy is directly proportional to the level of participation.

B. Legitimacy is inversely proportional to the level of participation.

C. Legitimacy is independent of the level of participation.

Correct D. Legitimacy is a function of the level of participation, representation, and accountability.

Correct Answer: D

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