Practice Post UTME BOWEN UNIVERSITY government 2023 Past Questions

Question 1

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of the rule of law?

A. Separation of powers

B. Independence of the judiciary

C. Protection of human rights

Correct D. Rule by law

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2

In a parliamentary system of government, which of the following is a characteristic of the legislative branch?

A. It has the power to declare war

B. It has the power to appoint the head of state

Correct C. It has the power to approve the budget

D. It has the power to appoint the head of government

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3

In a presidential system of government, which of the following is a characteristic of the executive branch?

A. It has the power to appoint the head of state

Correct B. It has the power to appoint the head of government

C. It has the power to declare war

D. It has the power to approve the budget

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4

In a federal system of government, which of the following is a characteristic of the relationship between the central government and the constituent units?

A. The central government has absolute power over the constituent units

B. The constituent units have absolute power over the central government

Correct C. The central government and the constituent units share power

D. The constituent units have no power over the central government

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5

In a constitutional democracy, which of the following is a characteristic of the relationship between the government and the citizens?

A. The government has absolute power over the citizens

B. The citizens have absolute power over the government

Correct C. The government and the citizens share power

D. The citizens have no power over the government

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6

The concept of constitutionalism is closely related to the idea of the rule of law. Discuss how the rule of law is essential for the protection of individual rights and freedoms in a democratic society.

A. The rule of law ensures that the government and its institutions are accountable to the people.

Correct B. The rule of law protects the rights of individuals from arbitrary and capricious actions by the government.

C. The rule of law promotes economic growth and development by providing a stable and predictable business environment.

D. The rule of law is not essential for the protection of individual rights and freedoms in a democratic society.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

A country's foreign policy is shaped by its national interests, values, and goals. Discuss how a country's foreign policy can be influenced by its domestic politics and institutions.

A. A country's foreign policy is shaped by its national interests, values, and goals, but not by its domestic politics and institutions.

B. A country's foreign policy can be influenced by its domestic politics and institutions, but only to a limited extent.

C. A country's foreign policy is shaped by its domestic politics and institutions, but not by its national interests, values, and goals.

Correct D. A country's foreign policy is shaped by its national interests, values, and goals, and also by its domestic politics and institutions.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 8

The concept of power is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how power and authority are related, and how they are exercised in a democratic society.

A. Power and authority are the same thing, and they are exercised by the government in a democratic society.

Correct B. Power and authority are related, but they are not the same thing. Power is exercised by the government, while authority is exercised by the people.

C. Power and authority are unrelated, and they are exercised by different institutions in a democratic society.

D. Power and authority are exercised by the same institution in a democratic society, but they are not related.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

The concept of legitimacy is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how legitimacy is established and maintained in a democratic society.

A. Legitimacy is established and maintained by the government in a democratic society.

B. Legitimacy is established and maintained by the people in a democratic society.

C. Legitimacy is not established or maintained in a democratic society.

Correct D. Legitimacy is established and maintained by a combination of the government and the people in a democratic society.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10

The concept of public administration is closely related to the idea of local government. Discuss how public administration is exercised in local government, and how it contributes to the well-being of citizens.

A. Public administration is exercised in local government through the provision of public services such as healthcare and education.

B. Public administration is exercised in local government through the collection of taxes and the provision of infrastructure.

C. Public administration is not exercised in local government.

Correct D. Public administration is exercised in local government through the provision of public services such as healthcare and education, as well as the collection of taxes and the provision of infrastructure.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 11

In a system of government where the head of state is also the head of government, what is the term for this arrangement?

A. Unitary

B. Federal

C. Confederation

Correct D. Presidential

Correct Answer: D

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Question 12

A government's ability to enforce its laws and maintain order is an example of what concept?

A. Legitimacy

B. Authority

C. Power

Correct D. Coercive Ability

Correct Answer: D

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Question 13

In a system of government where power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units, what is the term for this arrangement?

A. Unitary

Correct B. Federal

C. Confederation

D. Decentralized

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14

A government's ability to make decisions and take actions is an example of what concept?

A. Authority

Correct B. Power

C. Legitimacy

D. Capacity

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15

In a system of government where power is concentrated in a single authority, what is the term for this arrangement?

A. Unitary

B. Federal

C. Confederation

Correct D. Authoritarian

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16

The concept of legitimacy in a political system is closely related to the idea of authority. Explain how the two concepts differ, using examples from Nigeria's political history.

Correct A. Legitimacy refers to the acceptance of a political system by its citizens, while authority refers to the power held by those in positions of governance.

B. Legitimacy is concerned with the moral rightness of a political system, whereas authority is about the ability to enforce laws and policies.

C. Legitimacy is about the internal acceptance of a political system, whereas authority is about external recognition.

D. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable terms in the context of political systems.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

A political party's ability to win elections is influenced by its internal structure and decision-making processes. Discuss the impact of party organization on electoral success, using a case study from Nigeria.

Correct A. A well-organized party with a clear ideology and effective communication channels is more likely to win elections.

B. A party's electoral success is determined by its ability to mobilize resources and build a strong grassroots network.

C. A party's internal conflicts and power struggles can hinder its ability to win elections.

D. A party's electoral success is solely dependent on its ability to attract high-profile candidates.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

The concept of power in a political system can be understood through the lens of Max Weber's definition. Explain how power is exercised in Nigeria's political system, using examples from the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.

Correct A. Power in Nigeria's political system is exercised through a combination of coercion, persuasion, and legitimate authority.

B. Power is exercised primarily through the use of coercion and violence in Nigeria's political system.

C. Power in Nigeria's political system is exercised through a system of patronage and clientelism.

D. Power is exercised solely through the use of legitimate authority in Nigeria's political system.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

The concept of rule of law in a political system is essential for ensuring that power is exercised in a fair and just manner. Discuss the role of the judiciary in upholding the rule of law in Nigeria, using examples from recent court cases.

Correct A. The judiciary plays a crucial role in upholding the rule of law in Nigeria by interpreting laws and ensuring that they are applied fairly.

B. The executive branch is primarily responsible for upholding the rule of law in Nigeria.

C. The legislature plays a key role in upholding the rule of law in Nigeria by passing laws that promote justice and fairness.

D. The rule of law in Nigeria is upheld solely through the use of military force.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

The concept of human rights in a political system is essential for ensuring that citizens are treated with dignity and respect. Discuss the role of civil society organizations in promoting human rights in Nigeria, using examples from recent campaigns.

Correct A. Civil society organizations play a crucial role in promoting human rights in Nigeria by advocating for policy changes and raising awareness about human rights issues.

B. The government is primarily responsible for promoting human rights in Nigeria.

C. The media plays a key role in promoting human rights in Nigeria by reporting on human rights issues and holding those in power accountable.

D. Human rights in Nigeria are promoted solely through the use of international pressure and sanctions.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

The concept of constitutionalism is closely tied to the idea of the rule of law. Discuss how the rule of law is essential to the functioning of a constitutional democracy.

A. The rule of law ensures that the government is accountable to the people.

Correct B. The rule of law provides a framework for the protection of individual rights and freedoms.

C. The rule of law promotes the principle of separation of powers.

D. The rule of law ensures that the government is not subject to the whims of the majority.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional economic community that aims to promote economic integration and cooperation among its member states. What are the key benefits of ECOWAS membership for its member states?

A. Increased access to regional markets and resources.

B. Improved economic stability and growth.

C. Enhanced regional security and cooperation.

Correct D. All of the above.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 23

The United Nations (UN) is a global organization that aims to promote peace, security, and cooperation among its member states. What is the role of the UN in promoting sustainable development?

A. The UN provides financial assistance to developing countries to support sustainable development.

B. The UN promotes sustainable development through its Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

C. The UN provides technical assistance to countries to support sustainable development.

Correct D. The UN promotes sustainable development through its climate change agreements.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24

The African Union (AU) is a continental organization that aims to promote economic, political, and social integration among its member states. What are the key benefits of AU membership for its member states?

A. Increased access to regional markets and resources.

B. Improved economic stability and growth.

C. Enhanced regional security and cooperation.

Correct D. All of the above.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 25

The concept of federalism is closely tied to the idea of decentralization. Discuss how federalism promotes decentralization and what are its benefits.

Correct A. Federalism promotes decentralization by giving power to local governments.

B. Federalism promotes decentralization by reducing the power of the central government.

C. Federalism promotes decentralization by increasing the power of the central government.

D. Federalism does not promote decentralization.

Correct Answer: A

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