POST UTME AL-HIKMAH UNIVERSITY 2025 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a tropical rainforest e\cosystem, what is the primary mechanism by which nutrients are cycled between the biotic and abiotic components?
Correct A. Decomposition
B. Photosynthesis
C. Respiration
D. Transpiration

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A researcher isolates a microorganism from a patient's wound and identifies it as Staphylococcus aureus. What is the primary mechanism by which this microorganism causes disease?
Correct A. Toxin production
B. Biofilm formation
C. Adhesion to host cells
D. Invasion of host tissues

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
A plant has the genotype AaBbCc. What is the probability that a gamete produced by this plant will have the genotype Ab?
Correct A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 3/4
D. 1

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'X'?
Correct A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Storage of nutrients
D. Regulation of cell growth

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of a microorganism. What is the primary mechanism by which pH affects microorganism growth?
A. Denaturation of proteins
Correct B. Inhibition of enzyme activity
C. Disruption of cell membrane
D. Inhibition of nutrient uptake

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6
In a tropical rainforest e\cosystem, the primary producers are plants that undergo photosynthesis. Which of the following is a characteristic of photosynthesis?
A. It is an \endothermic process.
B. It requires light energy to occur.
Correct C. It produces glu\cose and oxygen as byproducts.
D. It is a heterotrophic process.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7
A species of bird has a beak shape that is well-suited for cracking open nuts. This is an example of what type of adaptation?
A. Mimicry
B. Camouflage
Correct C. Specialized
D. Generalized

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8
A population of rabbits is growing exponentially. If the initial population is 100 and the growth rate is 20% per year, what will be the population after 5 years?
A. 1000
B. 2000
Correct C. 4000
D. 8000

Correct Answer: C

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Question 9
A species of plant has a life cycle that includes both asexual and sexual reproduction. Which of the following is a characteristic of asexual reproduction?
A. It involves the production of spores.
B. It involves the fusion of gametes.
Correct C. It results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.
D. It requires a mate.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10
A species of animal has a circulatory system that includes a heart, arteries, and veins. Which of the following is a function of the heart?
A. To pump blood to the lungs.
B. To pump blood to the brain.
Correct C. To pump blood to the muscles.
D. To pump blood to the liver.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11
In a population of 1000 bacteria, 80% are resis\tant to a particular antibiotic. If 200 bacteria are randomly selected for treatment, what is the probability that at least 150 will be resis\tant to the antibiotic?
Correct A. 0.95
B. 0.85
C. 0.75
D. 0.65

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
A species of plant has a genetic trait that determines its flower color. The trait is controlled by a \single gene with two alleles: F (red flowers) and f (white flowers). The genotype of a plant can be FF, Ff, or ff. If the frequency of the F allele is 0.6, what is the probability that a plant chosen at random will have white flowers?
A. 0.2
Correct B. 0.4
C. 0.6
D. 0.8

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
Correct C. Retina
D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14
A diagram of a simple e\cosystem is shown below. Which of the following organisms is a producer?
Correct A. Grass
B. Deer
C. Bacteria
D. Fungus

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
A diagram of a simple circuit is shown below. What is the total resis\tance of the circuit?
A. 2Ω
B. 4Ω
C. 6Ω
Correct D. 8Ω

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
A. 0.36
Correct B. 0.64
C. 0.72
D. 0.84

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17
A 2.5 L solution of 0.1 M glu\cose is diluted to 5 L. What is the concentration of glu\cose in the new solution?
A. 0.02 M
Correct B. 0.04 M
C. 0.05 M
D. 0.1 M

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18
A plant is placed in a growth chamber with a temperature of 25°C and a photoperiod of 12 hours. After 10 days, the plant has grown to a height of 20 cm. What is the rate of growth of the plant?
A. 0.5 cm/day
Correct B. 1.0 cm/day
C. 1.5 cm/day
D. 2.0 cm/day

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19
A 50 mL sample of a solution containing 0.1 M NaCl is added to 100 mL of water. What is the concentration of NaCl in the resulting solution?
A. 0.05 M
B. 0.1 M
Correct C. 0.15 M
D. 0.2 M

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20
A 2.5 L solution of 0.1 M glu\cose is diluted to 5 L. What is the concentration of glu\cose in the new solution?
A. 0.02 M
Correct B. 0.04 M
C. 0.05 M
D. 0.1 M

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21
In a population of 1000 bacteria, 50% are resis\tant to antibiotic X. If 200 bacteria are randomly selected and treated with antibiotic X, what is the probability that at least 80 bacteria are resis\tant to the antibiotic?
A. 0.2
B. 0.3
Correct C. 0.4
D. 0.5

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22
A cell is placed in a solution with a pH of 5. If the cell membrane has a permeability coefficient of 0.01 cm/s, what is the concentration of hydrogen ions in the cell after 10 minutes?
A. 10^-5 M
Correct B. 10^-6 M
C. 10^-7 M
D. 10^-8 M

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23
A patient has a fever of 38°C. If the normal body temperature is 37°C, what is the percentage increase in body temperature?
A. 1%
B. 2%
Correct C. 3%
D. 4%

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24
A nerve impulse travels at a speed of 120 m/s. If the impulse lasts for 0.01 s, what is the dis\tance traveled by the impulse?
Correct A. 1.2 m
B. 1.5 m
C. 2.0 m
D. 2.5 m

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
A patient has a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg. If the systolic pressure is 20% higher than the diastolic pressure, what is the diastolic pressure?
A. 70 mmHg
Correct B. 80 mmHg
C. 90 mmHg
D. 100 mmHg

Correct Answer: B

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