POST UTME AL-HIKMAH UNIVERSITY 2021 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
The classification of living things is based on the concept of homo\logy, which refers to the presence of similar structures in different organisms. What is an example of homo\logy in the animal kingdom?
A. The presence of wings in birds and insects
B. The presence of limbs in vertebrates
C. The presence of gills in fish and amphibians
D. The presence of eyes in vertebrates
Question 2
A diagram of a plant's xylem and phloem is shown below. What is the function of the xylem?
A. transport of water and minerals
B. transport of sugars and amino acids
C. production of auxins
D. regulation of stomatal opening
Question 3
A patient is diagnosed with a viral infection caused by the influenza virus. The patient is prescribed a course of antiviral medication, which includes a combination of oseltamivir and zanamivir. What is the mechanism of action of oseltamivir against the influenza virus?
A. Oseltamivir inhibits viral replication by binding to the viral neuraminidase.
B. Oseltamivir inhibits viral entry by binding to the viral hemagglutinin.
C. Oseltamivir inhibits viral transcription by binding to the viral RNA polymerase.
D. Oseltamivir inhibits viral translation by binding to the viral ribonucleoprotein.
Question 4
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that the frequency of alleles in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation if certain conditions are met. What is one of these conditions?
A. Random mating
B. No mutation
C. No gene flow
D. All of the above
Question 5
A diagram of the human nervous system is shown below. What is the function of the cerebellum?
A. regulation of body temperature
B. regulation of blood pressure
C. coordination of voluntary movements
D. regulation of heart rate
Question 6
A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the growth of yeast. Which of the following would be the most appropriate method to measure the growth of the yeast?
A. U\sing a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance of the culture
B. Counting the number of colonies on an agar plate
C. Measuring the pH of the culture u\sing a pH meter
D. U\sing a microscope to observe the morpho\logy of the yeast
Question 7
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for detecting light?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
C. Retina
D. Lens
Question 8
The process of photosynthesis in plants involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy, resulting in the production of glu\cose and oxygen. Which of the following statements about the light-dep\endent reactions is correct?
A. The light-dep\endent reactions occur in the mitochondria.
B. The light-dep\endent reactions produce ATP and NADPH.
C. The light-dep\endent reactions occur in the chloroplast.
D. The light-dep\endent reactions produce glu\cose and oxygen.
Question 9
In a tropical rainforest e\cosystem, the primary producers are the plants and algae, which undergo photosynthesis to produce glu\cose and oxygen. However, in a coral reef e\cosystem, the primary producers are the algae and cyanobacteria that live inside the coral polyps. What is the primary difference between the two e\cosystems in terms of their primary producers?
A. The primary producers in a tropical rainforest e\cosystem are plants and algae, while in a coral reef e\cosystem, they are algae and cyanobacteria.
B. The primary producers in a tropical rainforest e\cosystem are algae and cyanobacteria, while in a coral reef e\cosystem, they are plants and algae.
C. The primary producers in both e\cosystems are the same, which are plants and algae.
D. The primary producers in both e\cosystems are the same, which are algae and cyanobacteria.
Question 10
A cell is placed in a solution with a concentration of 0.1 M glu\cose. If the cell is able to transport glu\cose across its membrane at a rate of 10^-6 M/s, how long will it take for the cell to reach a concentration of 0.01 M glu\cose?
A. 50 s
B. 100 s
C. 200 s
D. 500 s
Question 11
A plant with the genotype 'Rr' is crossed with a plant with the genotype 'RR'. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype 'RR'?
A. 0.25
B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 1
Question 12
The process of mitosis in eukaryotic cells involves the division of the nucleus into two daughter nuclei. Which of the following statements about the prophase stage of mitosis is correct?
A. The chromosomes condense and become visible.
B. The nuclear envelope breaks down.
C. The centrioles move apart.
D. The cytoplasm divides.
Question 13
A researcher is studying the structure of a protein u\sing X-ray crystal\lography. The protein is composed of 300 amino acids, and the researcher wants to determine the secondary structure of the protein. What is the primary method used to determine the secondary structure of a protein?
A. Circular dichroism spectroscopy
B. Infrared spectroscopy
C. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
D. X-ray crystal\lography
Question 14
The growth of a plant is influenced by a variety of factors, including light, temperature, and water. What is the primary effect of light on plant growth?
A. To increase the rate of photosynthesis
B. To decrease the rate of respiration
C. To increase the rate of transpiration
D. To decrease the rate of growth
Question 15
A cell in the G2 phase of the cell cycle has a DNA content of 8C. If the cell proceeds to mitosis, what will be the DNA content of the daughter cells?
A. 4C
B. 8C
C. 16C
D. 32C

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