Practice Post UTME ACHIEVERS UNIVERSITY government 2023 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely related to the idea of power. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and power, using examples from Nigerian politics.

A. Legitimacy is a means of justifying power, while power is the ability to enforce decisions.

B. Legitimacy is a result of power, while power is a means of achieving legitimacy.

C. Legitimacy and power are interchangeable concepts.

Correct D. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for power, while power is a sufficient condition for legitimacy.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2

In a federal system of government, the separation of powers is a key feature. Describe the three branches of government and their respective roles in Nigeria.

Correct A. The three branches of government are the executive, legislative, and judicial.

B. The three branches of government are the executive, legislative, and administrative.

C. The three branches of government are the executive, judicial, and electoral.

D. The three branches of government are the legislative, administrative, and judicial.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

The concept of power in political science refers to the ability of individuals or groups to influence decisions. Discuss the different types of power, using examples from Nigerian politics.

Correct A. Power can be classified into three types: legitimate, coercive, and expert.

B. Power can be classified into two types: formal and informal.

C. Power can be classified into four types: economic, military, political, and social.

D. Power can be classified into five types: economic, military, political, social, and cultural.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

The concept of authority in political science refers to the right to make decisions. Discuss the different types of authority, using examples from Nigerian politics.

Correct A. Authority can be classified into three types: legitimate, coercive, and expert.

B. Authority can be classified into two types: formal and informal.

C. Authority can be classified into four types: economic, military, political, and social.

D. Authority can be classified into five types: economic, military, political, social, and cultural.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and authority, using examples from Nigerian politics.

A. Legitimacy is a means of justifying authority, while authority is the ability to make decisions.

B. Legitimacy is a result of authority, while authority is a means of achieving legitimacy.

C. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable concepts.

Correct D. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for authority, while authority is a sufficient condition for legitimacy.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss how the legitimacy of a government is affected by the source of its authority.

A. Legitimacy is directly proportional to the source of authority.

Correct B. Legitimacy is inversely proportional to the source of authority.

C. The source of authority has no impact on legitimacy.

D. Legitimacy is only affected by the level of authority, not the source.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

In a system of government where the legislative, executive, and judicial branches are separate, what is the primary mechanism for preventing the concentration of power?

Correct A. Checks and balances

B. Separation of powers

C. Federalism

D. Direct democracy

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

A political party's ability to influence policy is often determined by its level of representation in government. Discuss how the number of seats a party holds in the legislature affects its ability to shape policy.

Correct A. The more seats a party holds, the more influence it has.

B. The fewer seats a party holds, the more influence it has.

C. The number of seats a party holds has no impact on its influence.

D. A party with a majority of seats has the most influence.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

The rule of law is a fundamental principle of democratic governance. Discuss how the rule of law affects the relationship between citizens and the government.

A. The rule of law increases the power of citizens over the government.

B. The rule of law decreases the power of citizens over the government.

C. The rule of law has no impact on the relationship between citizens and the government.

Correct D. The rule of law increases the accountability of the government to citizens.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10

In a system of government where the executive branch is headed by a president, what is the primary mechanism for preventing the president from abusing their power?

Correct A. Checks and balances

B. Separation of powers

C. Federalism

D. Direct democracy

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The concept of legitimacy in the context of public administration refers to the acceptance of authority by the governed. Which of the following is a characteristic of legitimate authority?

Correct A. It is based on the consent of the governed.

B. It is based on the power of the ruler.

C. It is based on the rule of law.

D. It is based on the strength of the ruler's army.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

The pre-colonial administration in Nigeria was characterized by the existence of various kingdoms and empires. Which of the following was a major feature of these kingdoms?

A. They were highly centralized.

Correct B. They were highly decentralized.

C. They were based on the rule of law.

D. They were based on the power of the ruler.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

The concept of power in the context of public administration refers to the ability of an individual or group to influence the behavior of others. Which of the following is a type of power?

A. Legitimate power.

B. Coercive power.

C. Expert power.

Correct D. Referent power.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 14

The concept of authority in the context of public administration refers to the right to make decisions and enforce them. Which of the following is a characteristic of authority?

A. It is based on the power of the ruler.

Correct B. It is based on the consent of the governed.

C. It is based on the rule of law.

D. It is based on the strength of the ruler's army.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15

The concept of legitimacy in the context of public administration refers to the acceptance of authority by the governed. Which of the following is a characteristic of legitimate authority?

A. It is based on the power of the ruler.

B. It is based on the rule of law.

Correct C. It is based on the consent of the governed.

D. It is based on the strength of the ruler's army.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16

The concept of constitutionalism is rooted in the idea of limiting the power of the government through a constitution. Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of a constitution?

A. To establish the structure and organization of the government

B. To define the relationship between the government and the citizens

Correct C. To limit the power of the government and protect individual rights

D. To provide a framework for the economy

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17

The concept of separation of powers is a fundamental principle of constitutionalism. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government?

A. The legislative branch has complete control over the executive and judicial branches

B. The executive branch has complete control over the legislative and judicial branches

Correct C. Each branch has some powers and checks on the other branches

D. The judicial branch has complete control over the legislative and executive branches

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

The concept of checks and balances is a key feature of the system of government in a constitutional democracy. Which of the following best describes the purpose of checks and balances?

Correct A. To prevent the government from abusing its power

B. To ensure that the government is accountable to the citizens

C. To provide a framework for the economy

D. To establish the structure and organization of the government

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

The concept of federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units. Which of the following best describes the advantages of federalism?

A. It allows for greater efficiency and effectiveness in governance

B. It provides for greater representation and participation of citizens in governance

C. It promotes economic growth and development

Correct D. It allows for greater autonomy and self-governance of constituent units

Correct Answer: D

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Question 20

The concept of pre-colonial administration refers to the system of government that existed in Africa before the arrival of European colonizers. Which of the following best describes the characteristics of pre-colonial administration?

A. It was characterized by a centralized authority and a rigid social hierarchy

B. It was characterized by a decentralized authority and a flexible social hierarchy

Correct C. It was characterized by a mix of centralized and decentralized authority and a complex social hierarchy

D. It was characterized by a lack of authority and a simple social hierarchy

Correct Answer: C

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Question 21

In a system of government where the separation of powers is not strictly adhered to, which of the following is likely to occur?

A. The executive branch will dominate the legislative branch.

B. The judiciary will become more independent.

C. The system will become more democratic.

Correct D. The system will become more authoritarian.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22

A political party's primary function is to

A. Provide a platform for citizens to express their opinions.

Correct B. Elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.

C. Promote the interests of a particular group or class.

D. Serve as a check on the power of the executive branch.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

A government's foreign policy is shaped by its

A. Economic interests.

B. Cultural values.

C. Geopolitical position.

Correct D. All of the above.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24

The concept of legitimacy in government refers to the

A. Right to rule.

B. Power to govern.

C. Authority to make decisions.

Correct D. Mandate to serve the people.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 25

In a pre-colonial African society, the

A. Chief was the supreme ruler.

Correct B. Council of elders made decisions.

C. Kingdoms were organized into tribes.

D. Societies were organized into clans.

Correct Answer: B

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