POST UTME ACHIEVERS UNIVERSITY 2022 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences. Which of the following is a necessary condition for the Hardy-Weinberg principle to hold?
A. Random mating
B. Large population size
Correct C. No mutation
D. No genetic drift

Correct Answer: C

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Question 2
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below.
A. The mitochondria is responsible for protein synthesis
Correct B. The nucleus contains the genetic material
C. The cell membrane regulates the movement of subs\tances in and out of the cell
D. The chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3
A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population size is 100 and the population doubles every 2 hours, what is the population size after 6 hours?
A. 1000
B. 2000
C. 4000
Correct D. 8000

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4
A diagram of a human eye is shown below.
A. The cornea is responsible for focu\sing light
B. The iris controls the amount of light entering the eye
Correct C. The retina contains the photoreceptors
D. The lens is responsible for changing the focal length

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5
A diagram of a simple circuit is shown below.
A. The circuit is a series circuit
B. The circuit is a parallel circuit
C. The circuit is a combination of series and parallel circuits
Correct D. The circuit is a closed circuit

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6
In the context of excretion, what is the primary function of the kidneys?
A. To regulate blood pressure
Correct B. To filter waste products from the blood
C. To produce hormones that stimulate digestion
D. To control body temperature

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
Correct C. Retina
D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8
A 25-year-old male patient presents with symptoms of malabsorption. Which of the following organs is most likely affected?
Correct A. Small intestine
B. Large intestine
C. Liver
D. Pancreas

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. Which part of the system is responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide?
A. Trachea
B. Bronchi
Correct C. Alveoli
D. Diaphragm

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10
A 30-year-old female patient presents with symptoms of anemia. Which of the following nutrients is most likely deficient?
Correct A. Iron
B. Vitamin B12
C. Folate
D. Calcium

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11
In a population of E. coli bacteria, the average generation time is 30 minutes. If the initial population size is 1000 cells, what is the population size after 5 generations?
A. 5000
B. 10000
Correct C. 20000
D. 50000

Correct Answer: C

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Question 12
A 2.0 g sample of a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen is analyzed by combustion. The volume of CO2 produced is 2.5 L at 25°C and 1 atm. What is the empirical formula of the compound?
Correct A. CH4
B. C2H4
C. C3H6
D. C4H8

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13
A plant cell has a vacuole that contains 0.5 M sucrose. If the cell membrane is permeable to sucrose, what is the concentration of sucrose in the cytosol after 30 minutes?
A. 0.2 M
Correct B. 0.3 M
C. 0.4 M
D. 0.5 M

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14
A 50 mL sample of a 0.1 M solution of NaCl is added to a 100 mL sample of a 0.2 M solution of NaOH. What is the concentration of the resulting solution?
A. 0.05 M
B. 0.1 M
Correct C. 0.15 M
D. 0.2 M

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15
A 5.0 g sample of a compound containing only carbon and oxygen is analyzed by combustion. The volume of CO2 produced is 1.5 L at 25°C and 1 atm. What is the empirical formula of the compound?
A. CO
B. C2O
Correct C. C3O2
D. C4O3

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16
In the context of osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the kidneys in maintaining the balance of electrolytes and water in the body?
A. To regulate the pH of the blood
B. To remove waste products from the blood
Correct C. To maintain the balance of electrolytes and water in the body
D. To produce hormones that stimulate appetite

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17
A diagram of a neuron is shown below. What is the function of the d\endrites?
A. To transmit signals to other neurons
Correct B. To receive signals from other neurons
C. To produce neurotransmitters
D. To synthesize proteins

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18
In the context of cell division, what is the primary function of the spindle fibers?
A. To separate the chromosomes during mitosis
B. To attach the chromosomes to the centromere
Correct C. To move the chromosomes to the poles of the cell
D. To synthesize DNA

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the vacuole?
Correct A. To store water and nutrients
B. To synthesize proteins
C. To produce chlorophyll
D. To regulate the pH of the cell

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20
In the context of hormonal regulation, what is the primary function of the hypothalamus?
A. To produce hormones that stimulate appetite
B. To regulate body temperature
Correct C. To control the release of hormones from the pituitary gland
D. To synthesize proteins

Correct Answer: C

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Question 21
In the context of blood transport systems, which of the following is a characteristic of the erythrocyte membrane?
A. High permeability to water
Correct B. Low permeability to water
C. High permeability to ions
D. Low permeability to ions

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22
A plant cell is placed in a solution with a high concentration of sucrose. What happens to the cell's turgor pressure?
Correct A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains the same
D. No change

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23
A genetic cross between two pea plants is performed to study the inheri\tance of a specific trait. The results show a 3:1 ratio of offspring with the dominant trait to those with the recessive trait. What is the genotype of the parents?
A. Both parents are homozygous dominant
B. Both parents are homozygous recessive
Correct C. One parent is homozygous dominant and the other is homozygous recessive
D. One parent is heterozygous and the other is homozygous recessive

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24
A diagram of a plant's xylem tissue is shown below. What is the function of the tracheids in this tissue?
Correct A. Transport of water and minerals from roots to leaves
B. Transport of sugars and other organic compounds from leaves to roots
C. Support and structure for the plant
D. Protection from pathogens and pests

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
A diagram of a human respiratory system is shown below. What is the function of the alveoli in this system?
Correct A. Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream
B. Filtering of the blood to remove waste products
C. Production of mucus to trap dust and other particles
D. Regulation of body temperature

Correct Answer: A

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