Practice Post UTME ACHIEVERS UNIVERSITY government 2020 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of 'subsidiarity' in the context of international relations refers to the principle that decisions should be taken at the lowest level of government possible. Which of the following international organizations is most likely to promote this principle?

Correct A. European Union

B. United Nations

C. African Union

D. World Health Organization

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A government's foreign policy is often influenced by its domestic political climate. Which of the following domestic factors is most likely to lead to a more aggressive foreign policy?

A. Economic growth

B. High levels of unemployment

C. A strong and stable government

Correct D. A highly polarized political environment

Correct Answer: D

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Question 3

The concept of 'sovereignty' in international relations refers to the idea that a state has supreme authority within its territory. Which of the following international organizations is most likely to respect this principle?

Correct A. United Nations

B. European Union

C. African Union

D. World Trade Organization

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

A government's decision to impose economic sanctions on another country is often a complex issue. Which of the following factors is most likely to influence the decision to impose sanctions?

Correct A. Human rights abuses

B. Environmental concerns

C. Trade agreements

D. Security threats

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

The concept of 'diplomacy' in international relations refers to the practice of communicating with other countries to achieve a desired outcome. Which of the following diplomatic tools is most likely to be used in a situation where a country wants to negotiate a trade agreement with another country?

A. Economic sanctions

B. Military intervention

Correct C. Diplomatic negotiation

D. International arbitration

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how the legitimacy of a government can be challenged by the actions of opposition parties.

Correct A. Through peaceful protests and demonstrations

B. By forming alliances with foreign governments

C. By exploiting loopholes in the electoral system

D. By using violence and intimidation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

The United Nations has been criticized for its inability to prevent humanitarian crises in various parts of the world. Discuss the role of the UN in maintaining international peace and security.

A. The UN has a clear mandate to intervene in humanitarian crises

B. The UN relies on member states to provide military support

Correct C. The UN has a limited role in maintaining international peace and security

D. The UN is ineffective in preventing humanitarian crises

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8

The concept of power in political systems is often associated with the ability to influence decision-making. Discuss how power can be exercised through various means, including coercion, persuasion, and manipulation.

A. Power can only be exercised through coercion

Correct B. Power can be exercised through persuasion and manipulation

C. Power is solely the domain of the state

D. Power is a fixed entity that cannot be changed

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

The African Union has been instrumental in promoting regional integration and economic development in Africa. Discuss the role of the AU in promoting peace and stability in the continent.

A. The AU has a clear mandate to intervene in regional conflicts

B. The AU relies on member states to provide military support

Correct C. The AU has a limited role in promoting peace and stability

D. The AU is ineffective in promoting regional integration

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10

The concept of authority in political systems is closely related to the idea of legitimacy. Discuss how authority can be exercised through various means, including coercion, persuasion, and manipulation.

A. Authority can only be exercised through coercion

Correct B. Authority can be exercised through persuasion and manipulation

C. Authority is solely the domain of the state

D. Authority is a fixed entity that cannot be changed

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11

The concept of legitimacy in government is closely related to the idea of authority. Explain how a government can maintain its legitimacy in the eyes of its citizens.

Correct A. By ensuring that its actions are in line with the principles of justice and equality.

B. By maintaining a strong military presence to suppress dissent.

C. By providing adequate public services and infrastructure.

D. By imposing strict laws and regulations to maintain order.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

A government's foreign policy is often shaped by its national interests and security concerns. Discuss how a government can balance its national interests with its international obligations.

A. By prioritizing its national interests over its international obligations.

Correct B. By engaging in diplomatic efforts to resolve conflicts peacefully.

C. By forming alliances with other countries to enhance its security.

D. By imposing economic sanctions on countries that threaten its national interests.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

The concept of power in government is often associated with the ability to influence decision-making. Explain how a government can use its power to achieve its goals.

A. By using its military power to impose its will on other countries.

B. By using its economic power to influence the decisions of other countries.

Correct C. By using its diplomatic power to negotiate agreements with other countries.

D. By using its cultural power to promote its values and ideals.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14

The rule of law is a fundamental principle of democratic governance. Explain how a government can ensure that its laws are fair and just.

A. By ensuring that its laws are written in a clear and concise manner.

B. By providing adequate training for its judges and law enforcement officials.

Correct C. By establishing an independent judiciary to interpret the laws.

D. By allowing citizens to participate in the law-making process.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15

Human rights are fundamental rights that are inherent to all human beings. Explain how a government can protect the human rights of its citizens.

A. By ensuring that its laws are in line with international human rights standards.

B. By providing adequate education and healthcare to its citizens.

Correct C. By establishing an independent human rights commission to investigate complaints.

D. By allowing citizens to participate in the decision-making process.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16

The concept of legitimacy in international relations is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss how the United Nations (UN) exercises its authority in maintaining international peace and security.

Correct A. Through its Security Council, the UN exercises its authority by imposing sanctions and authorizing peacekeeping missions.

B. The UN exercises its authority by promoting economic development and providing humanitarian aid to member states.

C. The UN exercises its authority by promoting democracy and human rights in member states.

D. The UN exercises its authority by providing military assistance to member states in times of conflict.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has been instrumental in promoting economic integration in West Africa. Discuss the role of ECOWAS in promoting regional economic development.

A. ECOWAS promotes regional economic development by establishing a common market and promoting free trade among member states.

B. ECOWAS promotes regional economic development by providing financial assistance to member states and promoting infrastructure development.

C. ECOWAS promotes regional economic development by promoting regional security and stability.

Correct D. ECOWAS promotes regional economic development by promoting regional integration and cooperation.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 18

The concept of power in international relations is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss how the African Union (AU) exercises its power in promoting regional peace and security.

A. The AU exercises its power by imposing sanctions on member states that violate human rights.

B. The AU exercises its power by promoting regional economic development and providing humanitarian aid to member states.

Correct C. The AU exercises its power by promoting democracy and human rights in member states.

D. The AU exercises its power by providing military assistance to member states in times of conflict.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19

The concept of legitimacy in international relations is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss how the United Nations (UN) exercises its authority in promoting regional peace and security.

Correct A. The UN exercises its authority by promoting regional economic development and providing humanitarian aid to member states.

B. The UN exercises its authority by promoting democracy and human rights in member states.

C. The UN exercises its authority by providing military assistance to member states in times of conflict.

D. The UN exercises its authority by imposing sanctions on member states that violate human rights.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has been instrumental in promoting economic integration in West Africa. Discuss the role of ECOWAS in promoting regional economic development.

A. ECOWAS promotes regional economic development by establishing a common market and promoting free trade among member states.

B. ECOWAS promotes regional economic development by providing financial assistance to member states and promoting infrastructure development.

C. ECOWAS promotes regional economic development by promoting regional security and stability.

Correct D. ECOWAS promotes regional economic development by promoting regional integration and cooperation.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21

The concept of legitimacy in public administration is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss how the legitimacy of a government is affected by the manner in which it exercises its authority.

Correct A. Legitimacy is increased when authority is exercised in a fair and transparent manner.

B. Legitimacy is decreased when authority is exercised in a coercive or arbitrary manner.

C. Legitimacy is not affected by the manner in which authority is exercised.

D. Legitimacy is increased when authority is exercised in a secretive and opaque manner.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

In a pre-colonial African society, the concept of power was often tied to the idea of authority. Discuss how the power of a traditional ruler was exercised in such a society.

A. The power of a traditional ruler was exercised through a system of patronage and clientelism.

B. The power of a traditional ruler was exercised through a system of coercion and violence.

Correct C. The power of a traditional ruler was exercised through a system of consultation and consensus-building.

D. The power of a traditional ruler was exercised through a system of ritual and symbolism.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23

The concept of rule of law is closely tied to the idea of human rights. Discuss how the rule of law protects human rights in a democratic society.

A. The rule of law protects human rights by providing a framework for the exercise of power.

B. The rule of law protects human rights by limiting the power of the state.

C. The rule of law protects human rights by promoting social justice and equality.

Correct D. The rule of law protects human rights by providing a mechanism for redress and accountability.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24

The concept of constitutionalism is closely tied to the idea of the rule of law. Discuss how a constitution protects the rights of citizens in a democratic society.

A. A constitution protects the rights of citizens by providing a framework for the exercise of power.

B. A constitution protects the rights of citizens by limiting the power of the state.

C. A constitution protects the rights of citizens by promoting social justice and equality.

Correct D. A constitution protects the rights of citizens by providing a mechanism for redress and accountability.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 25

The concept of public administration is closely tied to the idea of the rule of law. Discuss how public administrators can promote the rule of law in a democratic society.

A. Public administrators can promote the rule of law by providing a framework for the exercise of power.

B. Public administrators can promote the rule of law by limiting the power of the state.

C. Public administrators can promote the rule of law by promoting social justice and equality.

Correct D. Public administrators can promote the rule of law by providing a mechanism for redress and accountability.

Correct Answer: D

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