Practice Post UTME AAUA biology 2025 Past Questions

Question 1

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

A. 0.36

B. 0.64

C. 0.8

D. 0.16

Question 2

A 40-year-old female presents with a 3-month history of fatigue, weight loss, and night sweats. Laboratory tests reveal a low white blood cell count and a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Hodgkin lymphoma

B. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

C. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

D. Multiple myeloma

Question 3

A diagram of a plant's xylem and phloem is shown below. What is the primary function of the xylem?

A. Transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves

B. Transporting sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to the rest of the plant

C. Supporting the plant's structure

D. Regulating the plant's temperature

Question 4

The process of digestion in the human body can be represented by the equation:

A. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6H_2O \)

B. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + H_2O \)

C. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + H_2O + ATP \)

D. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + H_2O + NADH \)

Question 5

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

A. 0.16

B. 0.24

C. 0.32

D. 0.36

Question 6

According to the theory of natural selection, what is the primary mechanism by which populations adapt to their environment?

A. Genetic drift

B. Gene flow

C. Mutation

D. Differential reproduction

Question 7

A patient with a history of kidney disease is prescribed a medication that inhibits the reabsorption of glu\cose in the proximal convoluted tubule. What is the primary mechanism of action of this medication?

A. Inhibition of sodium-potassium pump

B. Inhibition of glu\cose reabsorption

C. Inhibition of calcium reabsorption

D. Inhibition of magnesium reabsorption

Question 8

In the context of excretion, what is the primary function of the kidneys?

A. Regulation of blood pressure

B. Production of urine

C. Storage of waste products

D. Regulation of electrolyte balance

Question 9

A diagram of a plant's photosynthetic pathway is shown below. What is the primary function of the light-dep\endent reactions?

A. Converting light energy into chemical energy

B. Converting chemical energy into light energy

C. Regulating the plant's temperature

D. Supporting the plant's structure

Question 10

A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli. The researcher measures the growth of the bacteria at different pH levels and plots the data on a graph. Which of the following best describes the relationship between pH and bacterial growth?

A. The growth of E. coli increases as the pH increases.

B. The growth of E. coli decreases as the pH decreases.

C. The growth of E. coli is unaffected by changes in pH.

D. The growth of E. coli is optimal at a pH of 7.

Question 11

In a human population, the frequency of the 'B' allele is 0.4. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype 'bb'?

A. 0.16

B. 0.36

C. 0.64

D. 0.84

Question 12

The process of cellular respiration can be represented by the equation:

A. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O \)

B. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP \)

C. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + NADH \)

D. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + FADH_2 \)

Question 13

The diagram below shows the structure of a plant cell. Identify the part labeled A.

A. Cell wall

B. Chloroplast

C. Vacuole

D. Cytoplasm

Question 14

A population of Drosophila melanogaster is being studied for its genetic variation. The frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2, and the frequency of the dominant allele 'A' is 0.8. What is the expected frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype 'aa'?

A. 0.16

B. 0.24

C. 0.32

D. 0.40

Question 15

In the context of cell division, what is the primary function of the centrioles?

A. Formation of the spindle fibers

B. Production of the mitotic spindle

C. Regulation of the cell cycle

D. Storage of genetic material

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