Waec 2023 Physics Question 1

(i) With no loads hanging on the metre rule, balance the metre rule horizontally on the knife edge. Record the position, G, of the knife edge on the balance metre rule. (ii) Suspend \( \mathbf{P} \) securely at \( 15 \mathrm{~cm} \) from \( \mathbf{G} \), and \( \mathbf{Q} \) securely at \( 10 \mathrm{~cm} \) from \( \mathbf{G} \). The positions of G, P and Q should not be altered throughout the experiment. (iii) Using a mass, \( m=40 \mathrm{~g} \), balance the metre rule horizontally. Measure and record the distance, \( y \), of \( m \) from G. (iv) Evaluate \( m^{-1} \). (v) Repeat the procedure for \( m=50 \mathrm{~g}, 60 \mathrm{~g}, 70 \mathrm{~g} \) and \( 80 \mathrm{~g} \). In each case, record the distance, \( y \), and evaluate \( m^{-1} \). (vi) Tabulate the results. (vii) Plot a graph with \( m^{-1} \) as ordinate and \( y \) as abscissa. (viii) Determine the slope, \( s \), of the graph. (ix) Determine the value of \( m_{p} \) given that \( 15 m_{p}=s^{-1}+200 \) (x) From the graph, deduce the mass, \( m \), that would produce a balance distance, \( y=27.5 \mathrm{~cm} \). (xi) State two precautions taken to ensure good results.

(i) State two conditions necessary for a body to be in equilibrium. (ii) Two forces \( 4 \mathrm{~N} \) and \( 3 \mathrm{~N} \) act at right angles to each other, calculate the equilibrium of the system of forces.